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traffic rules u must misunderstood in china before!

foreigners may not always understand china’s traffic rules, so lectures could help them – but it isn’t always easy to find lecturers who can speak good english.

© video | china daily

 

such a lecture was held on wednesday for more than 80 foreign students in ningxia medical university, based in yinchuan, capital of northwestern china’s ningxia hui autonomous region.

 

hou xi, who gave the lecture, said it was a familiar scene for him to speak to international students in a class.

 

hou, born in the 1990s, finished his master’s degree at coventry university in the united kingdom two years ago and became a traffic police officer in yinchuan’s xingqing district.

 

traffic rules u must misunderstood in china before!

© image | google

he explained the rules with cases studies and also showed some advanced technologies and devices applied by traffic authorities to keep the officers updated.

瀚客商标分享:惊天动地及图商标争议案评析

《商标法》第十五条的理解与适用

——第5766142号“惊天动地及图”商标争议案评析

徐晓建

   《商标法》第十五条规定:“未经授权,代理人或者代表人以自己的名义将被代理人或者被代表人的商标进行注册,被代理人或者被代表人提出异议的,不予注册并禁止使用。”上述规定旨在禁止代理人或者代表人违反诚实信用原则的恶意抢注行为。本文将结合“惊天动地及图”商标争议案对依据《商标法》第十五条保护被代理人商标的适用条件进行阐述。

基本案情

申请人:est软件公司

被申请人:上海摩力游数字娱乐有限公司

争议商标:第5766142号“惊天动地及图”商标

 一、 当事人主张

申请人的主要理由:1、申请人系韩国游戏软件开发公司。“cable online”为其开发的网络游戏,“惊天动地”系对应中文名称。该网络游戏自2004年11月问世以来,即以独特魅力和表现形式打动了亿万玩家。申请人将“cable online”作为商标在第9类“可下载的在线计算机游戏的游戏程序”等相关商品及第41类“通过计算机网络提供的在线游戏服务”等相关服务上进行申请与使用,2006年11月在韩国取得注册。此外,申请人还在泰国、加拿大、中国香港等国家及地区提出注册申请。“惊天动地(cable online)”作为申请人开发的游戏软件名称在中国经使用已具有较高知名度,已与申请人建立唯一对应关系。2、被申请人系中国一家游戏开发及运营商,是摩力国际有限公司的关联公司。申请人与其在争议商标申请之前就已存在明确的商业合作关系。被申请人系申请人网络游戏“惊天动地(cable online)”在中国市场运营的代理人。争议商标与申请人“cable online”网络游戏的中文名称完全相同;且申请人该网络游戏中文名称的表现形式经过特别设计,与普通印刷体不同。同时申请人商标“惊天动地”作为游戏名称必然使用在与游戏相关的商品及服务上,除与网络游戏直接相关的第9类和第41类商品及服务外,在实际使用中很多网络游戏开发商和运营商都会将游戏品牌延伸到传统的玩具类商品上。争议商标指定使用的第28类玩具、游戏机等商品与申请人商标涉及的网络游戏相关,与申请人商标实际使用中涉及的商品构成类似。被申请人未经申请人许可,申请注册争议商标,违反了《商标法》第十五条的规定。3、申请人“cable online”网游于2006年11月正式进入中国市场。很多中文媒体对申请人以及冠以申请人商标的网络游戏产品进行了宣传报道。申请人对“惊天动地(cable online)” 网络游戏享有著作权。被申请人注册争议商标的行为,构成对申请人在先使用并享有一定知名度的商标的恶意抢注,侵犯了申请人著作权。被申请人注册争议商标的行为,违反了诚实信用原则,造成不良影响。请求依法撤销争议商标。

被申请人在我委规定期限内未予答辩。

二、 商评委审理与裁定

商评委经审理查明:1、争议商标由被申请人于2006年12月5日向商标局提出注册申请,2009年10月14日取得注册,核定使用在第28类游戏机、玩具、纸牌等商品上。申请人未在与争议商标核定使用商品为相同或类似商品上在先申请或获准注册“惊天动地”商标。2、申请人网络游戏“cable online”的中文名称为“惊天动地”,在争议商标申请注册之前,已被不少中文网站予以宣传、报道。申请人与被申请人以及摩力国际有限公司签署《惊天动地》许可协议,明确被申请人拥有在中国大陆运营申请人在线游戏《惊天动地》的所有权利和义务,其必须促进该游戏在中国大陆的供给、分布、上市、促销及销售。被申请人在自己网站网页上也明示其为申请人《惊天动地》(英文译名“cable”)的运营商。

商评委经审理认为:

关于双方当事人之间是否存在代理与被代理关系:本案申请人提交的证据可证明:2006年7月31日申请人与摩力国际有限公司签订许可协议,前者许可后者为其网络游戏《惊天动地》在中国大陆、台湾、香港的运营商。该协议第十三条规定:“被许可方承认许可方是所有现行权利、名称及利益的所有人。对于被许可名称,无论以何种形式体现,许可方也是其商誉的所有人。根据许可进行的产品销售反映并表明该产品的知识产权归许可方。”第十六条明确规定:“除本协议明确授权被许可人的权利之外,所有与标题和原材料相关的权利,标题和利益以及相关的商誉是且应当是许可方的独有财产,被许可方不得利用,或实施或作出任何行为或争议的事情或以任何方式损害或趋向于损害许可方的任何与标题和原材料相关的权利、标题和利益以及相关的商誉。”“被许可方在此确认在全球范围内所有与商标有关的权利、标题及相关利益,和在全球范围内使用许可方的姓名和姓名权关联的凯时国际app首页的版权,以及所有注册和注册申请的利益均归属于许可方—est软件公司或由许可方指定的人员。”根据以上协议,同日申请人与被申请人及摩力国际有限公司签订三方许可协议,明确被申请人拥有在中国大陆运营申请人在线游戏《惊天动地》的所有权利和义务,被申请人必须促进该游戏在中国大陆的供给、分布、上市、促销及销售。被申请人据此成为申请人网络游戏“惊天动地”在中国大陆地区的运营商。被申请人网站网页上也显示其为申请人《惊天动地》(英文译名“cable”)的运营商。以上事实可以证明在2006年12月5日争议商标申请注册之前,被申请人与申请人之间已存在商事活动的代理与被代理关系。其次,被申请人注册的争议商标“惊天动地及图”在文字构成、设计表现形式方面,均与申请人网游“惊天动地”所采用的汉字组合及设计表现形式相同或基本相同。另外,本案还充分考虑以上许可协议中,申请人、摩力国际有限公司及被申请人已就申请人有关财产性权益的保护问题予以约定;且申请人作为网络游戏“惊天动地”开发商的事实已为相关公众知晓等情节。因此,本案认为被申请人作为申请人的代理人,未经后者授权,在玩具、游戏机等商品上申请注册争议商标,确易使相关公众对商品来源产生混淆、误认,误认为系由申请人提供,有违诚实信用原则,违反了《商标法》第十五条的规定。

关于其它争议理由:申请人称争议商标为抢注其在先使用并有一定影响的商标及损害其著作权的行为,但未提交证据证明其在中国大陆地区已在先在玩具等商品上使用“惊天动地”商标并具有一定影响。另外,“惊天动地”为常见汉字组合,不能称为作品,不构成《著作权法》保护的客体。因此申请人上述主张均不能成立。

综上,商评委依据《商标法》第十五条、第四十一条第二款、第四十三条的规定,撤销争议商标。

评析

本案焦点问题是争议商标的注册是否属于《商标法》第十五条所指代理人未经授权擅自抢注被代理人商标的情形。

一、 双方当事人之间是否存在代理关系的确定

《商标法》第十五条的内容源于《保护工业产权巴黎公约》第六条之七的规定。该条所述的代理人不仅包括《中华人民共和国民法通则》、《中华人民共和国合同法》中规定的代理人,也包括基于商事业务往来而可以知悉被代理人商标的经销商。在商事代理经销关系中,代理经销商由于销售被代理人的产品而得以知晓被代理人的商标。商业活动中存在个别缺少商业道德的代理经销商以抢先注册被代理人的商标为手段,来迫使被代理人答应其苛刻合作条件的情况或在代理关系结束后,其自行生产标有该商标的产品。代理经销商的抢注行为不仅会损害被代理人的经济利益,也破坏了公平竞争的市场秩序,有可能使消费者对产品的真实来源产生混淆误认。本案适用《商标法》第十五条的关键之一在于对代理关系的判定。在评审实践中,一般可依据双方当事人之间签订的合同、交易凭证、采购资料等可以证明合同关系或者商事业务往来存在的证据材料来认定当事人之间是否存在代理经销关系。在本案中,商评委根据申请人与摩力国际有限公司、被申请人之间签订的许可协议以及被申请人网站网页显示的其为申请人《惊天动地》(英文译名“cable”)运营商的内容,确定被申请人系申请人网络游戏“惊天动地”在中国大陆地区的运营商,在争议商标申请注册之前双方已存在商事代理经销关系。

    二、适用《商标法》第十五条保护被代理人商标的要件

认定代理人未经授权,擅自注册被代理人商标的行为,须符合下列要件:(1)系争商标注册申请人是商标所有人的代理人,或虽非以代理人名义申请注册被代理人的商标,但有证据证明注册申请人与代理人具有串通合谋行为的。(2)系争商标指定使用在与被代理人的商标使用的商品/服务相同或者类似的商品/服务上。(3)系争商标与被代理人商标相同或者近似。(4)代理人不能证明其申请注册行为已取得被代理人授权。(5)在商标争议案件中,被代理人或者利害关系人应当自系争商标注册之日起五年内提出撤销请求。

本案中,申请人作为网游“惊天动地”开发商的事实在争议商标申请注册之前已为相关公众知晓。被申请人也公开明示其为申请人网游“惊天动地”在中国大陆地区的运营商。争议商标所采用的汉字组合“惊天动地”以及背景图案在文字构成、设计表现形式方面,均与申请人网游“惊天动地”所采用的汉字组合及设计表现形式相同或基本相同,已与申请人商标构成高度近似。被申请人在未经申请人授权的情况下,在与申请人主营的网络游戏开发关联性较强的玩具、游戏机等商品上申请注册争议商标,确易使相关公众对商品真实来源产生混淆、误认,误认为系申请人提供;同时也违反了其与申请人关于《惊天动地》网络游戏财产性权益归属的约定。故争议商标的注册属于《商标法》第十五条所指应予撤销的情形。

三、 综合评述

本案在代理关系、商标近似性的确定均无疑议的情况下,对如何确定被代理人商标的保护范围具有一定的借鉴意义。根据现行的《类似商品和服务区分表》,申请人主营的网络游戏开发与争议商标指定使用的第28类玩具、游戏机等商品并不属于类似商品与服务。但本案着重考虑了争议商标指定使用商品与申请人主营服务之间的关联性较强的特点,以及双方当事人在争议商标申请之前已明确约定网络游戏《惊天动地》财产性权益归属于申请人的事实。在综合考量以上因素的基础上,本案认定被申请人在玩具、游戏机等商品上注册争议商标,会导致相关公众对商品真实来源产生混淆、误认,损害了被代理人的经济利益,违反了诚实信用原则。

expat banned from leaving china!

in recent months we have seen many articles online related to the topic of “exit ban”. where the individual is barred from leaving china if accused of any wrongdoing. an expat from shenzhen started crowdfunding ( fundraising) for himself online on website gogetfunding.com to fight judgment in court.

 

expat banned from leaving china!

© image | gogetfunding

disclaimer: hacos takes no responsibility for the accuracy, currency, reliability, and correctness of any information provided in this article.

expat banned from leaving china!

introduction video posted by him for support

 

here is the full story that he posted on the crowdfunding website.

source link: https://gogetfunding.com/being-wrongfully-sued-in-china/

about me:

hi, i’m john graham, an australian expat trapped in china and unable to leave the country (even to visit my aging parents back home) due to the actions of a local con-artist i made the mistake of putting my trust in.

 

expat banned from leaving china!

© image | gogetfunding

it’s been 18 years since i first came to china and made shenzhen my home. i love the country, love the city (shenzhen), and most of all i adore the chinese people who have befriended and supported me over the last two decades of my life. unfortunately, due to my own misplaced trust, one bad actor seems to be hell-bent on changing all of that.

i am a fitness enthusiast. biking, hiking, running, weight lifting – everything goes. in 2014 i got interested in boxing and was in shanghai attending a boxing event where i chanced upon a guy who seemed to share my admiration of the sport. i was the athlete, he was the patron of the art. a friendship based on mutual interest was quickly formed.

my story:

back in shenzhen, i had opened a personal fitness training gym with two other partners a couple years prior, which unfortunately was struggling due to a lack of funds. when one partner suddenly left, things got even tougher. we (i and my remaining partner) decided to try to transfer the business off. after months of trying (and failing) to find a potential candidate to salvage the work we had put in to our dream our business, i was discussing the situation with the man i will henceforth refer to as my ‘gym friend’, and in what i considered at the time a miraculous turn of events, he said he had already been looking to start a fitness gym and might be interested in taking over the business.

 

expat banned from leaving china!

© image | gogetfunding

my gym friend spent the next several months training and hanging around with us at the gym ostensibly to ‘learn the ropes’ of the business, all the while telling us how excited he was to own the gym and the plans he had to invest more to turn the gym into the business we had always dreamed it could be, but not had the capital to realize our vision. after many months together i confided in him that i was at a financial low-point in my life, and he offered to clear all the outstanding bills against the gym and its infrastructure, in return for us transferring over the business to him, with the promise that we would still have jobs continuing as personal trainers with him.

 

it felt like a guardian angel was watching over me as this offer was the perfect solution to all my problems – the business i had invested my time and sweat into would continue on and be run by a friend who had the same vision as me.…

 

expat banned from leaving china!

© image | gogetfunding

i wish i knew then what i have come to know now – i could have saved myself from all this current misery. the gym ‘friend’ turned out to not be a friend at all, but a con man who saw in me the opportunity to take advantage of a naïve foreigner he could easily manipulate. if i had been smarter and had a lawyer translate the chinese contract he wrote up for the transfer of the business which i (stupidly) signed thinking it was just a formality, i would have known that i was actually putting myself in a very dangerous position as i was the faren (legal rep) of the business, i had given him my id copy, and the documents i signed allowed him to easily go after me in court.

completely unaware of this at the time, i continued on under the assumption that everything was normal. when a few months later my ‘gym friend’ said he was letting me go as a trainer in his gym, my only shock was that a friend was firing me from my job.

5 months after letting me go, he became crazy angry and threatening, saying he was going to go after me, get someone to follow me home, and violent treats. i tried to meet him to discuss what the problem was but he refused to meet. i didn’t want any part of his threats and behavior and just moved on with my life.

 

expat banned from leaving china!

© image | gogetfunding

fast forward almost 3 years and as i recently tried to travel out of the country, i was denied exit at the border and told i had been tried-in-absentia and found guilty in a civil court case against me. the judgement was that i owed 217,000 (now raised to 223,841) to my ‘gym friend’ who had sued me making false statements to the court that i had agreed to a personal loan and that the gym had never been mine to transfer. his entire friendship act had been a trick from the start to get me to sign his false papers, a scam which i’ve come to find out is well known and used to target both chinese and foreigners.

 

expat banned from leaving china!

© image | gogetfunding

i learned that he had since sold off all the equipment and assets the previous year which were legally his to sell based on the contract he had given me to sign. this had been his plan right from the start.

so this is where i’m at now, barred from leaving a country i have for 18 years considered my adopted home, by a foreign legal system that was turned against me by a local con-artist, and with no idea when or how i will be able to earn the amount required to be able to leave the country. i want to continue my stay in china, i love this country and all it has done for me, but not being able to see my parents at this time is very stressful and i must deal with this situation to get off the blacklist.

 

 

where your contribution goes:

my goal in launching this campaign isn’t to generate the cash to pay off this judgment. i have built a life in china and will eventually save enough to pay off the judgment if that is what’s necessary. 

 

my goal is to raise funds that i can put towards actually fighting this judgment in court so that this con artist doesn’t get away with the easy profit he expected, and hopefully makes his life difficult enough that he won’t risk doing this to the next guy. the problem here isn’t with the chinese legal system, which contrary to a lot of assumptions overseas is actually quite fair both to foreigners and chinese. 

 

the problem is that a single scam artist found a way to take advantage of a situation to cheat someone he believed would be an easy target and not be able to fight back. i have spoken to a local lawyer and there is no guarantee that i can win the case to reverse the judgment completely so i can’t realistically put my own cash into hiring an expensive legal team to fight this when i don’t even have enough to pay the initial judgment, but if i can crowdfund the support to fight this with a real legal defense, no matter what happens i will be forcing costs on the con artist that he didn’t expect to pay, and whether i win the judgment reversal outright or just put enough costs on him that he asks to settle, every dollar i can raise will be a dollar he loses and dollar less that he will profit off cheating someone who trusts he gained.

 

….end….


so above was his side of story that he posted on crowd funding website (gogetfunding.com). i will like to add that legal system in china is completely fair and don’t discriminate between chinese or foreigners. the only biggest disadvantage the foreigner can face in chinese legal system is language barrier or lack of understanding of chinese law in general. also exit ban is not something which is special for foreigners, even chinese citizens who are accused of any wrongdoings face that. everyone should respect and follow the law in china.

there are also few important lessons that every expat can learn from above story…

signing of the contract: never sign any document or contract which is in chinese without understanding the context of it. ask for english translation copy of contract whenever possible or ask any of your trusted chinese friend to read it for you. 

contact lawyer or legal service provider: before doing any big business dealing, always consult lawyer to help you draft contract in a way that it safeguards all your rights.

 

cost of running business in china: it is imperative that you never underestimate the cost of running successful business in china. starting new business require lot of funds, rental cost and salaries are quite high in big cities and it also takes quite alot of time for any new business to become profitable. so always do a sound financial planning for your business. insufficient capital is biggest reason why most new small businesses fail.

 

lastly, we would like to wish john best of luck and hope he can get out of his troubles soon. 

expat banned from leaving china!

how trade war can affect your business & fx market

china on monday struck back at us tariffs on chinese goods, announcing duties of between 5% to 25% on roughly $60 billion worth of us goods since june 1st.

how trade war can affect your business & fx market

the move follows friday increase in us tariffs on $200 billion worth of chinese exports from 10% to 25%.

 

how trade war can affect your business & fx market

01
05

fx market

how does the trade war affect businesses that work with foreign currencies?

if the u.s. dollar continues its consolidated strength, u.s.-based exporters may find it harder to sell goods and/or services abroad. 

how trade war can affect your business & fx market

© image | google

further trade war escalations with china, in particular, will likely cause concern across the globe, weakening confidence in other currencies.

 

how trade war can affect your business & fx market

 

for companies outside the u.s. with exposure to foreign currencies, continued escalations in the trade war will likely create considerable volatility in fx markets. 

02
05

stock markets 

the escalating us-china trade war wiped out more than $1 trillion of stock market value on monday, led by losses in the tech sector

how trade war can affect your business & fx market

© image | google

european shares lost 1.2% and emerging-market stocks shed 1.7%.

the declines were the most severe in the us, with the dow jones industrial average and s&p 500 both dropping 2.4%. the nasdaq fell 3.4%, its biggest daily percentage loss of the year.

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other countries 

it is not just the countries at the center of the trade war that will be adversely affected.

in the case of countries that are caught in the crossfire of trade wars, like australia or sweden, they too may suffer weakening investor confidence, and their home currencies might see declines as a result.

how trade war can affect your business & fx market

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while the initial rounds of tariffs didn’t impact currency markets in a meaningful way, the australian dollar and swedish krona declined in june 2018 after u.s.-china tariff threats ramped up. the mexican peso and canadian dollar have also both suffered declines as a result of the trump tariffs.

another example is australia, whose economy depends heavily on china. any slowdown or damage to the chinese economy as a result of u.s. tariffs is likely to feel a knock-on effect as it creates downward pressure on the aud.

how trade war can affect your business & fx market

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foreign trade

affected by the us-china trade war, mexican steel imports are imposed a 15% tariff, stems mainly as a response to protect domestic manufacturers from a glut of the commodity that has flooded international markets.

how trade war can affect your business & fx market

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in dongguan, a company was affected by this war too. in order to counteract the increase of original material price, house rent, and labor cost, it has slashed 50 employees in numbers. 

in fact, this move could actually reduce its cost by nearly 200,000 rmb a month.

certainly, no matter in the us or china, both side will be affected to some extent. almost 1 million american jobs are at risk due to the effects of the current trade war, according to scmp.

how trade war can affect your business & fx market

© image | google

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stay focused

though china was forced to impose the tariffs, it also did so in a way that avoided a further escalation and left room for negotiations.

5月13日消息(新闻联播):本台刊播《国际锐评:中国已做好全面应对的准备》。

on may 13th, the news in cctv: china is ready to respond comprehensively to the trade war.

锐评指出,对于美方发起的贸易战,中国早就表明态度:不愿打,但也不怕打,必要时不得不打。

faced with the trade war initiated by the us, china has a clear attitude: we’re not willing to be imposed, and we’re not afraid to be imposed, but we will have to impose if necessary!

面对美国的软硬两手,中国也早已给出答案:谈,大门敞开;打,奉陪到底。

we already have the answer to reply: if negotiate, the door is open; if impose, the war will continue!

经历了5000多年风风雨雨的中华民族,什么样的阵势没见过?!

having experienced more than 5000-years of ups and downs, china nation won’t fear!

在实现民族复兴的伟大进程中,必然会有艰难险阻甚至惊涛骇浪。

in the process of realizing national rejuvenation, there will inevitably be difficulties.

美国发起的对华贸易战,不过是中国发展进程中的一道坎儿,没什么大不了,中国必将坚定信心、迎难而上,化危为机,斗出一片新天地。

in the face of the trade war, it’s just a little obstacle in the development, which is not a big deal. china will firm confidence, overcome difficulties, turn crisis into the chance, strengthen in numbers to open up a new filed!

china is strongly against levying more tariffs, which cannot help solve the trade issue nor benefit the two sides and the world,” said liu he.

 

china’s stance has always been consistent and clear-cut, that is, firm opposition to unilateral additional tariffs,” said gao feng, spokesperson of china’s ministry of commerce. “there is no winner in the trade war, which is not in line with the interests of both parties as well as the world,” gao noted.